This leaves a net restoring force back toward the equilibrium position at. (The weight has componentsĪlong the string and tangent to the arc.) Tension in the string exactly cancels the component parallel to the string. We see from Figure 16.14 that the net force on the bob is tangent to the arc and equals. We begin by defining the displacement to be the arc length. Exploring the simple pendulum a bitįurther, we can discover the conditions under which it performs simple harmonic motion, and we can derive an interesting expression for its period. Simple pendulum is defined to have an object that has a small mass, also known as the pendulum bob, which is suspended from a light wire or string, such as shown in Figure 16.14. For small displacements, a pendulum is a simple harmonic oscillator. Some have crucial uses, such as in clocks some are for fun, such as a child’s swing and some are just there, such as the sinker on a fishing line. On the bob, which result in a net force of toward the equilibrium position – that is, a restoring force. The linear displacement from equilibrium is, the length of the arc. Figure 16.14 A simple pendulum has a small-diameter bob and a string that has a very small mass but is strong enough not to stretch appreciably.
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